Which of the following describes the function of a pre-action sprinkler system?

A pre-action sprinkler system is designed to enhance fire protection by integrating the features of both sprinkler and detection systems. The key function is that it requires the activation of a fire detection system before allowing water to flow into the sprinkler piping. This two-step activation process helps to prevent accidental discharge of water due to false alarms or inadvertent triggers, which could cause water damage in areas not affected by fire.

In a pre-action system, the detection system detects smoke or heat, which triggers the valves to open, thereby allowing water to fill the pipes. However, the actual release of water from the sprinkler heads occurs only when the heads are thermally activated by a fire. This unique aspect makes pre-action systems particularly suitable for protecting valuable assets, areas with delicate materials, or environments where accidental water discharge needs to be minimized.

Other options do not accurately describe the operation of a pre-action sprinkler system. For instance, some systems do discharge water immediately upon activation, but this is typical of wet pipe systems. Systems that utilize water stored in a pressurized tank are more indicative of dry pipe systems or deluge systems, while the mention of operating without electronic components does not apply, as the fire detection aspect inherently involves electronics.